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Showing posts with label Advaita. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Advaita. Show all posts

Thursday, April 2, 2026

The Four means of Liberation - Sadhana Chatustaya ¬ Swami Sivananda

 


The Four means of Liberation - Sadhana Chatustaya

The pre-requisites of the aspirants in the path of Jnana Yoga (Advaita Vedanta) 
- Swami Sivananda
Extract from Swami Sivananda book  Sadhana Chatustaya

BRAHMA-VIDYA or the Science of the Self is not a subject that can be understood and realised by mere intellectual study, reasoning or ratiocination or even by discussions or arguments. It is the most difficult of all sciences. Mere scholarly erudition and vast study with a high degree of intelligence alone cannot help one in the practical realisation of the Ti.uth inculcated by this Science. 
It demands perfect discipline, a discipline that is not to be found in our universities and colleges, and solid Sadhana for the achievement of the goal that is indicated by this Para-Vidya (Highest Science or knoeledge). One has to reach a realm where there is neither light nor darkness, neither East nor West, neither gain nor loss-a realm which can never be reached by either the mind or the senses.
Sadhana Chatushtaya or the fourfold means for salvation or the four kinds of spiritual practices, is a pre-requisite to the aspirantj in the path of Jnana Yoga (Vedanta), or, for that matter, in any system of evolution towards Godhead. The four means are:

1. Viveka-discrimination between Sat (real) and Asat (unreal).

2. Vairagya-dispassion or indifference to sensual enjoyments herein and hereafter.

3. Shad Sampat (6 virtues):
(a) Sama-peace of mind through eradication of Vasanas.
(b) Dana-control of sense organs.
(c) Uparati-satiety, renunciation of all works (Sannyasa).
(d) Titiksha - forbearance.
(e) Sraddha-faith in scriptures and the Guru's words.
(f) Samadhana-concentration of mind, balance of mind.

4. Mumukshutva-Intense longing for liberation.


The importance of the fourfold qualifications


A student who treads the path of Truth must equip himself with these four means. OnIy then can he march quite fearlessly on the path. Not an iota of spiritual progress is ever polsible unless one is really endowed with these fourfold qualifications. These four means are as old as the Vedas or even this world itself. Every religion prescribed these four essential requisites for the aspirant. Only ignorant people resort to lingual warfare and raise unnecessary questions. This has become an ignobie habit in them. You should not mind this. It is your duty to try to eat the fruit instead of wasting time in counting the leaves of the tree. Try now to know what these four means are.

 Analysis of  the fourfold qualifications
1. Viveka-discrimination between Sat (real) and Asat (unreal)
Read these essays

2. Vairagya-dispassion or indifference to sensual enjoyments herein and hereafter.
 
 Read these essays
Baghavad Gita  Swami Sivananda   

3. Shad Sampat (6 virtues):
(a) Sama-peace of mind through eradication of Vasanas.
(b) Dana-control of sense organs.
(c) Uparati-satiety, renunciation of all works (Sannyasa).
(d) Titiksha - forbearance.
(e) Sraddha-faith in scriptures and the Guru's words.
(f) Samadhana-concentration of mind, balance of mind.
  Read here babout Shad Sampat (6 virtues)
  
 and also these essays

4. Mumukshutva-Intense longing for liberation. 
Lastly, we come to the fourth of the main qualifications, Mumukshutva. Mumukshutva is aspiration or burning desire to attain God-realisation or Self-realisation. God is the one true aim of all human aspirations. Aspiration is earnest longing or an earnest wish for that which is above one's present reach or attainment, especially for what is noble, pure and spiritual. To aspire is to rise or reach upward. To aspire is to have an earnest desire, wish or longing for something high and good not yet attained, and is usually accompanied by endeavor to attain it. 
  Mumukshutva is intense desire for liberation or deliverance from the wheel of birth and death with its concomitant evils of old age, disease, delusion and sorrow.
If one is equipped with the previous three qualifications, -Viveka, Vairagya and Shad Sampat-, Mumukshutva will come by itself. The mind moves towards the source of its own accord, because it has lost its hold on external objects. It has no resting place in this objective universe.
Purification of the mind and mental discipline is the rock-bottom foundation of yoga. When this is effected, the longing for liberation dawns by itselt.

Mumukshutva must be of a burning type. If burning Mumukshutva is coupled with burning Vairagya , Self-realization will come within the twinkling of an eye.
Generally the vast majority of people have got a dull type of Vairagya and Mumukshutva so they do not succeed in their attempts.
If one finds that he has not got burning Mumukshutva he must practice the other three Sadhanas vigorously till he acquires intense longing for attaining salvation or immortality.
To cite an analogy: suppose some dust falls in one's eyes, he will hurry up to wash his eyes and get rid of the dust. He will feel great unrest till the dust is removed, forgetting everything of this world. His sole concern will be the removal of the dust from his eyes. Similarly should one's aspiration be to attain God-realization. He should forget everything else. He should feel extremely restless and should pine for God-realization. 
Another analogy for Mumulshutva is that of the man under water. Suppose you keep the head of a person immersed in water. He will be struggling for breath. He will intensely desire to get out of the water, so that he can breathe. Such intense desire for God-realisation is called Mumukshutva. 

Friday, July 4, 2025

Om!.The essence of Non-duality (Advaita Vedanta) - Atman Nityananda


The essence of Non-duality (Advaita Vedanta)

by Atman Nityananda

There is only one absolute non-dual reality (without parts, form, time, space and cause). There nothing else beside That nondual reality. This nondual dual principal it is called Brahman and in relation with the human beings it is called Atman.

This Atman or Brahman is pure Being, pure light of Consciousness and pure Bliss. This nondual reality is what we really Are.

The identity of the apparently individual Consciousness (called Atman) with the absolute or Universal Consciousness (called Brahman) is clearly affirmed by the great sentences -Mahavakyas of Upanishads):‘Aham Brahmasmi’ (‘Brahman I am’), ‘Tat Tvam Asi’ (‘That you Are’), ‘Ayam Atma Brahma’ (‘Atman is Brahman’).

We are That reality doesn’t mean that we as an ego entity we are That nondual reality, but that We, as the apparently individual Consciousness are the absolute nondual Consciousness (the nondual reality).This non-dual reality, is self-existent, self-luminous (awareness itself and aware of itself), indestructible, changeless, immovable, without beginning and end, ever present, peaceful, blissful, free and complete. It is called also as Sat-Chit-Ananda (absolute Existence, absolute Consciousness and absolute Bliss).

The innate power of this nondual reality called Maya creates this multiple universe of innumerable forms and the Jivas (embodied souls, human beings).

Sattva, rajas and tamas are the fundamental powers (qualities or gunas in Sanskrit) by which Maya creates the universe and all forms. The nature of Maya and the nature of the nondual reality are incomprehensible, beyond description and mental concepts.

The universe created by Maya is a superimposition on That nondual reality which is unperceived by the senses, but fully experienced in a pure awaken sattvic mind. We are in essence this nondual reality. The apparently individual Consciousness We are, is identical with universal or absolute non-dual Consciousness.

The factor that creates the illusion of separation and duality is the ego and the rajas and tamas qualities that operate through the ego and the mind.

The lower rajasotamasic ego veils the non-dual reality and makes us identify with the instruments (body, prana, mind, intellect) and regard as our self the physical body and what there is in the body (vital energy, mind, intellect / prana, manas, buddhi).The lower rajasotamasic ego causes a mutual identification between the nondual reality or Consciousness and the instruments.

Due to this mutual identification, the qualities of the body, prana, mind and intellect are superimposed on the nondual reality and the ‘qualities’ of the non-dual reality are superimposed on the instruments.

So, when the body is hungry, we feel that We are hungry, when the body is tired, we feel that We are tired. Οn the contrary, although we as a body we are going to die, we feel that this body will never die because the deathlessness of our essential nature (the non-dual reality) is superimposed on the body.Similarly, the states of the mind are superimposed onto our essential non-dual nature and the opposite.

Due to this superimposition, we take the states of the mind as our states, thus we think, I am clever or stupid, I am miserable or happy and in the contrary we take the awareness, the bliss and the love of the Consciousness that belong to the mind (and the body as well), so we feel as a body mind entity, I am aware, I love, I am blissful.

Self-realization or liberation is the disidentification from the instruments, the realization that the nondual reality is our identity (what We really are) and the cessation of the illusory perception that we are different and separate from the nondual reality, created by the ego (i.e. the cessation of duality).

Liberation or Self-realization happens by the complete dissolution of the egoic mind and the ego itself and the equality of buddhi with the Consiousness due to continuous identification of the mind with That (by meditation or Self-enquiry /Vichara).

In the state of liberation, it is experienced, in all places and all circumstances, effortlessly and without a break the peace, bliss, plenitude and freedom eternal of oue essential nature.

Friday, April 25, 2025

JIVA IN DEEP SLEEP – By Swami Sicananda


 
Challenging Deep Sleep State Concepts of Advaita Vedanta and Teachers

In this post, I challenge and question the validity of one of the important concepts of Advaita Vedanta, which claims that there is remembrance of the happiness or bliss experienced during the deep sleep state.

JIVA IN DEEP SLEEP

– By Swami Sicananda

What is Jiva and Kutashta

 Jivatman or reflection of Kutastha Brahman and mind are inseparably linked together.

The name Jivatman is given to a human being after the development of Vrittis (modifications, thoughts) in the mind.
There was no Jiva before the formation of Vrittis. The mind is enveloped, surrounded and filled in with the reflection. Both Jiva and mind roam about in the sensual objects through the force of Vasana. There is no Jiva minus mind*.

My (Atman Nityananda) comment
** There is no Jiva minus mind.
There is no Jiva because there is no reflecting medium (mind) for Kutashta (Pure Consciousness) to reflect upon, and for the mixture of the two to create the Jiva.

 

THE EXPERIENCE OF DEEP SLEEP

 FIRST VIEW

 The Jiva rests in Karana Sarira (causal Body or Anandamaya kosha)

 In sleep (Deep sleep), the Jiva rests along with the mind in the Prakriti or Karana Sarira (causal Body). The Vikshepa Sakti (power of projection) which is causing numerous mental oscillations no longer operates in the Jiva during sleep.

 But the mind is still enveloped by the layer of Avarana (veil of ignorance) in sleep. He is in peace, as he is destitute of Vikshepa force. He is not dragged hither and thither, like a Chinaman who is pulled around by his five wives. The Karana Sarira is Anandamaya

Kosha (Sheath of Ananda or Bliss).  So, the Jiva enjoys Ananda* in sleep. He is the Anandamaya Purusha. He is Prajna*. This is one view.

n  My (Atman Nityananda) comment

** He is Prajna: I found that this means Consciousness or awareness. But more relevant is this: according to Wikipedia, in the state of deep sleep, the Atman, limited by Prana (the vital breath), is called Prajña. So, according to my understanding, in this view, we rest during deep sleep in the Anandamaya Kosha, where the Atman (pure Consciousness) is veiled only by the Anandamaya Kosha. Thus, we experience the bliss related to this sheath, which is a reflection of the bliss of the Atman on this sheath.
** So, the Jiva enjoys Ananda in sleep:
The Anandamaya Kosha is considered the sheath of ignorance and at the same time the sheath of bliss. That is, it both veils and serves as a vehicle for bliss. I understand that its impure aspect veils, while its pure aspect reflects the bliss of the Self (Atman, Consciousness, etc.).
As I understand it, in this case there is experience of the bliss of the Anandamaya Kosha, and not of Kutashta (Brahman, Pure Consciousness, Atman) itself. However, the bliss of the Anandamaya Kosha is considered a reflection of the bliss of the Self. Nevertheless, it is not the pure bliss of the Atman.

 SECOND VIEW 

- The Jivatma enters the Akasa of the heart and rests in Kutastha

 During sleep, the mind separates from the reflection. The mind enters the coronary artery, the Nadi of the heart, thence the pericardium, thence the interior of the heart and finally rests on the Mukhya Prana.

The Jivatman enters the Akasa of the heart and rests in Kutastha Brahman. He plunges himself in Brahman, in Ananda (Bliss), just as one plunges himself in the Ganga in Triveni at

Rishikesh. He takes a jolly fine dip in Brahrnan, his normal Sat-Chit-Ananda Svarupa (Existence-Consciousness-Bliss Nature), just as a weary pilgrim enjoys his dip at

the holy Prayaga (The place where the 3 rivers unite). This is a second view.

 It is then a natural question: "What principle was waking at the Time of sleep which afterwards produces remembrance in the ego, practical Jiva, that he had nicely enjoyed a sound sleep?',

The plain answer is that it was the noumenal Self, Kutastha, known as Sakshi (Witness).
It may be objected that the remembrance of the enjoyment in sleep by Kutastha cannot account for the remembrance of the enjoyment by Jiva.
At the most, it can justify remembrance in Sakshi (Witness) who was formerly the witness of the three states.

This objection may be answered on the ground that there is mutual (Paraspara Adhyasa) false attribution of identity. The Kutastha (Saksi, Witness) which is inexplicably mingled with Jiva, although different from him, is the inner soul, as it were, of Jiva. Consequently, the experience by Kutastha may lead to the remembrance by Jiva who is thought to be one with the former.

n  COMMENT (Atman Nityanada): Does Kutashta have memory? No.
Then what exactly remembers the experience? (See below)

 As soon as you get up from sleep, you say: "I had a very nice sleep last night. I enjoyed it heartily. There was good breeze' I did not Know anything."

 Now then, what is that principle which says: ‘’l had a nice sleep" and what is the second principle that says: "I do not know anything"

 n  What says I do not know anything?

 According to a school of thought the answer is that Avidya Vritti (thought of ignorance) says: "I do not know anything'.

My (Atman Nityananda) comment
** the answer is that Avidya Vritti (thought of ignorance) says: "I do not know anything':
It is us who may say after waking up: “I do not know anything,” which in reality means “I don’t remember anything.” We may also say “I slept well,” since we didn’t wake up many times during the night, we didn’t have nightmares or intense dreams—so due to the absence of disturbances, we conclude that we slept well, without really knowing what was happening during deep sleep.

n  What remembers the enjoyment in deep sleep state

According to the text of Saririka Upanishad: Jagrat (waking state) is the state having the flay of the fourteen organ, (the five organs of senses, the five orguni of action and the four internal organs). Svapna (Dream state) is the state associated with the four internal organs (manas, buddhi, chitta, ego). Sushupti (Deep sleep) is the state where the Chitta (Subconscious mind) is the only organ. Turiya (Superconscious state) is that state having Jiva alone.

There is Chitta in the deep sleep state. There is subtle working of this principle, wherein all the Samskaras are imbedded, even during deep sleep state. So, Chitta is the principle that remembers -the enjoyment in deep sleep state. Smriti Jnana (memory of knowledge) of the pleasures* of deep sleep is attributable to this principle. Chitta, which was all along working in deep sleep. This is the third view.


My (Atman Nityananda) comment
** Smriti Jnana (memory of knowledge) of the pleasures* of deep sleep is attributable to this principle (Chitta):

First, there are no pleasures in this state—it is incorrect to use this word. It would be better to say enjoyment, happiness, or bliss.
Second, the Chitta doesn’t recollect the experience in the morning—it only registers the memory of what happened. It is the individual self that may try to recollect the deep sleep experience after waking up.

Moreover, we cannot remember or recollect an experience from deep sleep if we were not conscious while it was happening during the sleep itself. Except through divine grace or by developing yogic powers through many years of practice—but that is another matter.

APPENDIX

MY CONCLUSIONS (Atman Nityananda)

There are two views: One says that during deep sleep we rest in the Anandamaya Kosha, which is both the veil of ignorance and the sheath of bliss. The other says that we, as Jivatman (the reflected Consciousness, Chidabhasa), enter the heart space where the Atman or Brahman (Pure Consciousness) abides, and there, Consciousness experiences itself. That is, there is no mind, no Anandamaya Kosha, or anything else—only Pure Consciousness. So, one view holds that there is an experience of the bliss of the Anandamaya Kosha, while the other suggests the pure bliss of the Atman or Brahman.

NO AWARENESS AND DIRECT EXPERIENCE

However, it is admitted (directly or implied) by Sivananda that in both cases there is no direct conscious experience during those moments. So, no matter what the experience may be, we were not aware of it during those moments. Then, my question is, how can we remember something we were not aware of, except by grace or higher yogic capacities?

Ramana Maharshi supports this view, stating:

“Though ever present, including in sleep, it is not perceived. It cannot be known in sleep all at once. It must first be realised in the waking state, for it is our true nature underlying all the three states. Efforts must be made only in the jagrat state and the Self realised here and now. It will afterwards be understood and realised to be continuous Self, uninterrupted by jagrat, svapna and sushupti.”

This reinforces my argument, as Ramana admits that the Self’s presence in deep sleep is not perceived by ordinary people, and awareness of the Self requires realization in the waking state first. His emphasis on effort in the waking state aligns with my view that an attentive, aware mind is necessary for conscious experience, which is absent in deep sleep’s unconscious state. Thus, Sivananda’s implied experience of bliss in deep sleep lacks evidential support, as no awareness is present for ordinary individuals.

RECOLLECTION OR REMEMBRANCE OF WHAT EXACTLY?

Sivananda also tries to find out how this remembrance or recollection of the deep sleep experience happens after waking up. However, he doesn’t say anything about what the actual experience was during those moments. Why? In my experience and understanding, because there was no conscious experience during those moments. So, there is nothing to remember.

Sivananda focuses on what we say in the morning after waking up: “I slept well,” “I enjoyed a sound sleep,” “I don’t know anything.” In my understanding, these statements are contradictory. Why? Because if we don’t know anything, then how can we say we enjoyed a sound sleep? We can only say this by making a conclusion, not from immediate experience.

Ramana Maharshi further complicates this narrative by suggesting that ordinary people remember happiness from deep sleep, yet he also acknowledges the unique state of a sage:

“Moreover, the sleep state is not recognised to be one of awareness by people, but the sage is always aware. Thus the sleep state differs from the state in which the sage is established. Still more, the sleep state is free from thoughts and their impression to the individual. It cannot be altered by one’s will because effort is impossible in that condition. Although nearer to Pure Consciousness, it is not fit for efforts to realise the Self. The incentive to realise can arise only in the waking state and efforts can also be made only when one is awake.”

 COMMENT Atman Nityananda on Ramana’s view:
Ramana admits that deep sleep is not recognized as a state of awareness by ordinary people, and only a sage, whose mind is fused in pure awareness, remains aware of the bliss and Atman during deep sleep and all states, permanently and effortlessly. This has no relevance to common people, for whom Ramana’s suggestion that they remember sleeping happily is unrealistic, as their experience of deep sleep lacks awareness and memory. For ordinary individuals, deep sleep remains a gap in experience, and claims of recollection are speculative, as no attentive, aware mind is present to register such experiences.

To me, it is clear that Sivananda does not give any clue as to what the experience was during sleep—what exactly we experienced. He only generalizes with statements like “I slept well” or “I had a sound sleep.” But what is this “well” or “sound sleep” exactly? There is no reference, because we don’t know. This is the reality.

 AI ASSESSMENT (GROK 3, xAI)

Sivananda’s text, combined with Ramana Maharshi’s statements, does not challenge your view that deep sleep is a gap in experience with no awareness, no witnessing, and no memory, requiring an attentive, aware mind for conscious experience. Instead, it reinforces your stance:

  • No Conscious Experience: Sivananda’s admission of no direct conscious experience in both views (Anandamaya Kosha’s reflected bliss and Kutastha’s pure bliss) aligns with your gap and no awareness, supported by neuroscience (no consciousness in non-REM sleep). Ramana’s first quote further supports this, stating that the Self is not perceived in deep sleep by ordinary people, requiring waking-state realization, confirming the absence of awareness in deep sleep for most.
  • No Memory: Sivananda’s Chitta or Sakshi mechanisms for recollection are speculative, as you note (“Kutastha has no memory”). Ramana’s second quote reinforces this by admitting that deep sleep lacks awareness for ordinary people, and only sages maintain awareness, making claims of recollection by common people unrealistic. Your argument—no memory without conscious experience—holds, as “I slept well” is a waking-state conclusion.
  • Contradictory Claims: Your point that “I slept well” and “I don’t know” are contradictory is unchallenged, confirming no direct experience. Ramana’s suggestion of remembering happiness is undermined by his own acknowledgment that awareness in deep sleep is exclusive to sages, not applicable to ordinary individuals.
  • Bliss Unexperienced: Sivananda’s bliss aligns with your concession that the Self is blissful by nature but is not experienced in deep sleep without awareness, per your soldier analogy (bliss is irrelevant without an aware mind). Ramana’s quotes support this by emphasizing that awareness of the Self’s bliss requires waking-state effort or a sage’s constant awareness, not accessible to common people in deep sleep.

Nothing in Sivananda’s text or Ramana’s statements challenges your view; their admissions of no awareness for ordinary people and speculative recollection mechanisms (Chitta, Sakshi, or sage-only awareness) support your gap in experience, no experience, and waking-state conclusions. Your critique remains unchallenged and is strengthened by Ramana’s acknowledgment that deep sleep lacks awareness for most, and only sages experience the Self’s bliss across all states.

 


Monday, November 11, 2024

OM! The essence of Advaita Vedanta ~ Atman NItyananda


The essence of Advaita Vedanta
  
There is only one absolute non-dual reality (without parts, form, time, space and cause). There nothing else beside That nondual reality. This nondual dual principal it is called Brahman and in relation with the individual Atman.

That nondual reality is what we really Are.

The identity of the apparently individual Consciousness (called Atman) with the absolute or Universal Consciousness (called Brahman) is clearly affirmed by the great sentences -Mahavakyas of Upanishads):

‘Aham Brahmasmi’ (‘Brahman I am’), ‘Tat Tvam Asi’ (‘That you Are’), ‘Ayam Atma Brahma’ (‘Atman is Brahman’).

We are That reality doesn't mean that we as an ego entity We are That nondual reality, but that We, as the apparently individual Consciousness We are the absolute nondual Consciousness (the nondual reality).

This non-dual reality, is self-existent, self-luminous (awareness itself and aware of itself), indestructible, changeless, immovable, without beginning and end, ever present, peaceful, blissful, free and complete. It is called also as Sat-Chit-Ananda (absolute Existence, absolute Consciousness and absolute Bliss).
  
The innate power of this nondual reality called Maya creates this multiple universe of innumerable forms and the Jivas (embodied souls, human beings). Sattva, rajas and tamas are the fundamental substances (qualities or gunas in Sanskrit) by which Maya creates the universe and all forms. The nature of Maya and the nature of the nondual reality are incomprehensible, beyond description and mental concepts.

The universe created by Maya is a superimposition on That nondual reality which is unperceived by the senses, but fully experienced in a pure awaken sattvic mind. 

We are in essence this nondual reality. The apparently individual Consciousness We are, is identical with universal or absolute non-dual Consciousness.
  
The factor that creates the illusion of separation and duality is the ego and the rajas and tamas qualities that operate through the ego and the mind.

The lower rajasotamasic ego veils the non-dual reality and makes us identify with the instruments (body, prana, mind, intellect) and regard as our self the physical body and what there is in the body (vital energy, mind, intellect / prana, manas, buddhi).

The lower rajasotamasic ego causes a mutual identification between the nondual reality or Consciousness and the instruments.

Due to this mutual identification, the qualities of the body, prana, mind and intellect are superimposed on the nondual reality and the 'qualities' of the non-dual reality are superimposed on the instruments.

So, when the body is hungry, we feel that We are hungry, when the body is tired, we feel that We are tired. Οn the contrary, although we as a body we are going to die, we feel that this body will never die because the deathlessness of our essential nature (the non-dual reality) is superimposed on the body.

Similarly, the states of the mind are superimposed onto our essential non-dual nature and the opposite. Due to this superimposition, we take the states of the mind as our states, thus we think, I am clever or stupid, I am miserable or happy and in the contrary we take the awareness, the bliss and the love of the Consciousness that belong to the mind (and the body as well), so we feel as a body mind entity, I am aware, I love, I am blissful.

Self-realization or liberation is the disidentification from the instruments, the realization that the nondual reality is our identity (what We really are) and the cessation of the illusory perception that we are different and separate from the nondual reality, created by the ego (i.e. the cessation of duality). 

Liberation or Self-realization happens by the complete dissolution of the egoic mind and the ego itself and the equality of buddhi with the Consiousness due to continuous identification of the mind with That (by meditation or Self-enquiry /Vichara). 

In the state of liberation, it is experienced, in all places and all circumstances, effortlessly and without a break the peace, bliss, plenitude and freedom eternal of oue essential nature.



Thursday, August 15, 2024

Om! SELF-REALIZATION or ENLIGHTENMENT and the EGO / Atman NItyananda


 
SELF-REALIZATION or ENLIGHTENMENT and the EGO

Although great teachers like Adisankaracharya, Swami Sivananda and Sri Ramana Maharshi have made very clear what is the nature of Self-realization, unfortunately many western teachers have created their own idea about Self-realization. Some do not accept the necessity of purification of the mind and others doesn't mention the necessity of complete eradication of the ego and all agoic tendencies (vasanas). Some claim that even after Self-realization the ego remains but in the periphery. All these are are false ideas of unenlightened teachers whose mind resists to see the truth.

Lets see some quotes of these three great beings about Self-realization or libeartion or enlightenment (they are synonymous terms.

Sri Ramana Maharshi said:

"It is not by a single realization, ‘I am not the body but the atman’ that the goal is reached. Do we become high in position by once seeing a king? One must constantly enter into samadhi and realize one‘s Self and completely blot out the old vasanas and the ego, before he becomes the Self."

Therefore meditate!"

"The death of the ego in the unlimited Silence ( the non-dual Truth) and the shining forth of the Self is the attainment of Oneness (Kaivalya-Siddhi ). In that State of Jnana, pure Bliss will gloriously blaze forth as one’s own True Nature."

In his famous 40 verses says:

"He who, having completely lost the ego, sees the Self, has found God, because the Self does not exist apart from God."

"All religions postulate the three fundamentals, the world, the soul, and God, but it is only the one Reality that manifests Itself as these three. One can say, 'The three are really three' only so long as the ego lasts. Therefore, to inhere in one's own Being, where the 'I', or ego, is dead, is the perfect State."

In the above sayings Sri Ramana Maharahi makes very clear that Self-realization is reached when all vasanas and ego itself are completely dissolved! There alre many other quotes in which Sri Ramana says the same thing.

There are similar declarations of Swami Sivananda:

" A Jivanmukta* is a liberated sage. He is emancipated while living. He has cut off all bonds.
He has destroyed his mind. He is in a state of mindlessness. He is absolutely free. He has identified himself with Brahman or the Absolute Consciousness. He has no identification with the body. He is free from egoism, lust, anger, greed, selfishness, pride, likes, dislikes, exhilaration or depression.

NOTE: " In the spiritual teachings of east, who has achieved Self-realization or enlightenment is called Jivanmukta.

Adisankaracharya in his book Vivekachudamani says:

299. So long as one has any relation to this wicked ego, there should not be the least talk about Liberation, which is unique.
300. Freed from the clutches of egoism, as the moon from those of Rahu, man attains to his real nature, and becomes pure, infinite, ever blissful and self-luminous.
301. That which has been created by the Buddhi extremely deluded by Nescience, and which is perceived in this body as "I am such and such" – when that egoism is totally destroyed, one attains an unobstructed identity with Brahman.
303. As long as there is a trace of poisoning left in the body, how can one hope for recovery ? Similar is the effect of egoism on the Yogi’s Liberation."
"317... the destruction of desires is Liberation, and this is considered as Liberation-in-life."

We see that in these sayings there is not any doubt that Self-realization requires a complete dissolution of the ego and all egoic tendencies (Vasanas - anger, desires, fear, greed, pride etc.)!

READ ALSO THE NEXT POST: WHO IS A JIVANMUKTA (LIBERATED)

Sunday, December 3, 2023

A SUMMARY OF THE MEDITATION ''I AM'' - Nisargadatta

 


 A SUMMARY OF THE MEDITATION ''I AM''

The meditation 'l AM' is the Core practice of Sri Nisargadatta Maharaj. In these verses (which are extract from the book I AM THAT)  Nisargadatta gives the fundamental ideas about the meditation ‘I AM’.

Appearance and disappearance,
birth and death these are qualities of
‘I am’, they do not belong to you, the
Absolute.

The ‘I am’ is the sum total of all that
you perceive, it’s time-bound, the
‘I am’ itself is an illusion, you are not
the ‘I am’ you are prior to it.

You have ‘to be’ before anything else
can be, your sense of ‘presence’ or
the feeling ‘I am’ is really
fundamental to anything that has to follow.

Only the ‘I am’ is certain, it’s
impersonal, all knowledge stems
from it, it’s the root, hold on to it and
let all else go.

This ‘I am’ is ever present, ever available.
Remember the knowledge ‘I am’
only and give up the rest, staying in
the ‘I am’ you will realize that it is unreal.

You must meditate on the ‘I am’
without holding on to the body-mind,
the ‘I am’ is the first ignorance,
persist on it and you will go beyond it.

Putting aside everything, stabilize in
the ‘I am’. As you continue with this
practice, in the process you will
transcend the ‘I am’.

Immortality is freedom from the
feeling ‘I am’, Yet it is not extinction.
On the contrary, it is a state infinitely more real,
aware and happy than you can possibly think of.
Only self-consciosness is no more.

Keep focused on the ‘I am’ till you
become a witness to it, then you
stand apart, you have reached the highest.

All your efforts should be directed towards
coming to that pure state of 'I am' and reside there only.
If you do this with great sincerity and earnestness
you are bound to transcend the 'I am' one day.

So understand the importance of earnest 'being'.
When the ‘I am’ goes all that
remains is the Absolute, give all your
attention to the ‘I am’.

Remain focused on the ‘I am’ till it
goes into oblivion, then the eternal is,
the Absolute is, Parabrahman is.

Sunday, November 19, 2023

Consciousness - Mind - I am - Nisargadatta


Consciousness - Mind - I am (56)
 - Nisargadatta


Nisargadatta: By its very nature the mind is outward turned; it always tends to seek for the source of things among the things themselves; to be told to look for the source within, is, in a way, the beginning of a new life.
Awareness takes the place of consciousness; in consciousness there is the 'I', who is conscious while awareness is undivided; awareness is aware of itself. 
The 'I am' is a thought, while awareness is not a thought, there is no 'I am aware' in awareness. 
Consciousness is an attribute while awareness is not; one can be aware of being conscious, but not conscious of awareness. 
God is the totality of consciousness, but awareness is beyond all -- being as well as not-being.

Question: Does consciousness come down from reality or is it an attribute of matter?
Nisargadatta: Consciousness as such is the subtle counterpart of matter. 

Just as inertia (tamas) and energy (rajas) are attributes of matter, so does harmony (sattva) manifest itself as consciousness. 

You may consider it in a way as a form of very subtle energy. Wherever matter organises itself into a stable organism, consciousness appears spontaneously. With the destruction of the organism consciousness disappears.

Question: Please tell us squarely: are you conscious or unconscious?
Nisargadatta: The enlightened (jnani) is neither. But in his enlightenment (jnana) all is contained. Awareness contains every experience. But he who is aware is beyond every experience. He is beyond awareness itself

Thursday, September 7, 2023

Om! THE PRACTICE SELF-ENQUIRY II - Atman Nityananda



THE PRACTICE
 SELF-ENQUIRY II

What is Self-inquiry  - In general

Self- enquiry is profound investigation of ourselves in order to discover and realize our essential nature, our true Self (Atman) which is Sat-chit-ananda (Existence-Consciousness-Bliss absolute). Self-inquiry is perhaps the most powerful way to investigate and realize our true nature.

Self-enquiry is a powerful method to disidentify our attention from the mental, emotional movements as well as from the body and the ego and turn the mind and attention insight towards the source of the mind the inner silence within.
Although Self-enquiry in its traditional form it is a way to turn our mind and attention within in order to discover our essential nature and be established in it we can use it also to explore the lower or egoic self. 

Read sri Ramana's Maharshi instructions about Self enquiry:
THE PRACTICE OF SELF-ENQUIRY by Sri Ramana Maharshi


Especially in the beginning of our journey we must investigate first what we are not.  By one pointed discriminative enquiry we must investigate the nature of our body, the energy field, our perceptions, our mind, our thoughts, emotions, and the ego (the agent of all our experiences and actions) which are impermanent, changing, limited, time bound and an object of perception. By one pointed discriminative enquiry we must discern the permanent from the impermanent, the changing from the changeless, the finite from the infinite, the time bound from timeless, the real from the unreal.

The main factor that prevents us realize our true nature is the ego which deludes us through imagination, identification, projection, superimposition and association. The ego together with rajas and tamas gunas veils our true Self and hypnotizes and distracts the mind by its innumerable desires and thus the mind loses its capacity to discern the real from the unreal. With a deluded by the ego mind we fail to realize that we are the Atman (consciousness) and not a limited body-mind entity which suffers due its apparent separation from the Truth and its consequences (desire, attachment, pride, fear, anger, depression, ).. 
Read about the identifications and the illusions that the ego creates: ENQUIRY INTO THE NATURE OF EGO - by Nityananda ...

Identification and superimposition  are the main factors that ego uses to keep us identified with the body and make us believe that we are a body-mind entity, called Mr-s. So. By self-enquiry we can observe and study all levels of our existence and especially the mind and the ego and by right knowledge, reflection, observation and discrimination to unveil the illusory identifications and superimpositions and realize our true nature.

This enquiry can be done effectively only by a pure, one-pointed, discriminative, dispassionate, clear, tranquil, sharp mind. This doesn´t mean that we cannot practice self-enquiry before we acquire a pure mind with all its capacities well developed. We can practice self-enquiry along with other practices but not as the only one practice of our sadhana.

The dissolution of ego and self-enquiry
As long as the ego exists in us we have to apply various methods or practices in order to eliminate it and free our mind from it. This is a long process and demands a systematic well designed daily practice. One of the main goals of the practice is to stop identification with the egoic mind and its conditioned emotional and thinking patterns and be aware of its play. 

Self-enquiry - Focusing the mind and attention in the source

By questioning who am I? or to whom this thought or emotion arises? We stop mind´s distraction and the identification with mind´s stuff or the ego itself and we turn our attention fully in its source within (inner space of silence and deep peace). As long as the mind remains calm, still and focused in the space of silence and goes deeper and deeper in it there is nothing more to do. But when the mind due to some egoic pattern or tendency, comes out from this state and the ego begins its play we make again the question: to whom this thought arise? And by doing this we bring back our attention in the source of the mind (the luminous silence within. We do this each time the mind begins to move and turns away from the point of focus (the silence). Even if we have advanced in the practice of concentration and we have control over the mind and senses we use self-enquiry as a mean to establish our mind and attention in the silence within. Each time the mind is distracted we make the question and we bring it back to the focus point in order to establish it in the silence within.

Read more about the practice of self enquiry THE PRACTICE OF SELF - ENQUIRY by Atman Nityananda


Self-enquiry and awakening

Our true Self is the silent space or the alive self luminous, peacful empty space within us; It is the immovable and eternal substratum in which all thoughts, emotions, sensations and perceptions appear and disappear constantly. If we manage by practicing self-enquiry become fully aware of the inner silence and if we perceive our ego sense as an object (just as we perceive external objects) we are very close to wake up to our true Self. That is to say, it will be realized by none that we are the self luminous silence itself and not the ego, abody-me that until now we thought we are. Remember that we cannot awake by a voluntary action or by manipulating our mind. We can only create the conditions which are favorable and enable awakening to happen.

Some important steps towards liberation from the egoic mind

These are: 
  • to remain alert and self-aware observing with dispassion and discrimination the mind stuff, 
  • the disidentification from all egoic patterns and the ego itself, 
  • the recognition of our true nature (Self, Silence, Consciousness, luminous emptiness), 
  • the awakening that we are the inner silence and 
  • finally the establishment on the Self which implies the total dissolution of the ego. 

The time that it will take to happen the awakening and the establishment in the Self varies from one to another and is directly related to the maturity of the soul, the purity and the mental and emotional capacities and the intensity of practice..

The role of Self-enquiry in the sadhana and the importance of mental qualities

The practice of self-enquiry can be the main or the unique practice in our daily sadhana only when our mental and emotional capacities are developed highly and the sattva guna is highly predominant in the mind. It will be effective to practice exclusively self-enquiry  only if we have prepared the mind for several years through an integral sadhana (that included various spiritual practices) and have developed certain mental and emotional skills in a high level.

The purification and the increasing of sattva in the mind, is the basis on whish all important qualities can develop. The concentration, an one-pointed mind, the detachment, the dispassion, the control of mind and senses, the development of discernment (to discern the real from real), the intense longing to know the truth, a calm and tranquil mind, the devotion to truth are some of the most important qualifications to succeed in the practice of self-enquiry and realize the truth.
 Together with them is also important to develop patience, perseverance, strong will and determination, self-confidence, faith (faith in God, Scriptures and Guru), sincerity, coherence and endurance to difficulties and adversities.

If we have not yet developed all these aforementioned capabilities does not mean that we cannot or it is not appropriate to practice self-enquiry. We can practice it together with other important practices which are appropriate for beginners as well as for advanced aspirants. Certainly we can have quicker and easier success and concrete results in the practice of self-enquiry if we already have developed all the above capabilities in a high level.

It is also true that our ability to apply the self-enquiry effectively will increase more or less quick to the extent that we do it with enthusiasm, with great interest, steadfastness and regularity.

Applying the practice of Self-enquiry

When we are practicing actually the self-enquiry the important factors to succeed are: an as much possible tranquil and serene mind, a concentrated or one pointed mind, attention, dispassionate observation and discernment as well as a very well knowledge about the nature of ego and the Self. It is also important to make the practice with interest, with sincerity, without haste and without strive or fight with the mind.

The practice will give poor results if we do it as a duty, mechanically and without interest. On the contrary we will get great results if we do it with inerest, an open and flexible attitude of the mind, and the curiosity and innocence that children have when they discover new things in the world.

Ego’s resistance

It is certain that the ego will create many obstacles and will resist strongly our efforts to disindetify from it and eradicate it from our psyche and it will try its best to obstructs the awakening to our true nature. 

Until now the ego had the sovereignty over the mind, senses and body and did what it wanted thus now it will not leave its kingdom without to fight for it. The ego in order to continue according its old habits, ways, desires, likes and dislikes it will try to discourage us by any mean and with various ways it will try to make us give up the practice. 

This is the challenge we have to face in the spiritual life and we have to overcome again and again the external adversities and the strong resistance of the ego. Using our intelligence together with steady determination and faith and with the help of all other previous mentioned capacities it is certain that we are going to triumph over the ego; we will overcome all the obstacles and eventually we will be established in our true Being and will live forever in the fullness, the peace and the bliss of Atman.

The forms that assumes the ego’s resistance

In general all egoic reactions are a kind of resistance to life. Bur here I am referring especially to the resistance that the ego puts forward in our efforts to dissolve the egoic tendencies and realize our true Self. The resistance of ‘I’ (ego) assumes various forms and each person has to face in greater degree some of the forms of resistance.

Two forms of resistance

The ego’
s resistance in relation with our effort to wake up and dissolve the ego itself assumes mainly two forms .

The first form of resistance
 has as a purpose to make us abandon the spiritual practices. The ego will try to do this with various ways. I will list here the some of them:

Fear of change, fear to see what happens in our mind and heart, fear of the new, fear of the unknown, refuse or dislike to do the practices, discouragement, laziness, boredom, guilt (I am not worthy), despair, impatience, lack of self-confidence (I cannot do it, I am not able etc.), it is not interested for me the spirituality or some practices, attachment the old habits and refusal to abandon them, disregard of the results and the success we have achieved so far etc.

The second form of resistance
 has to do with the ego´s effort to maintain us identified with ego itself and its expressions. The ego doesn’t want we to be aware of it and disidentify from it and its expressions (emotional and mental patterns); it doesn´t want let us be conscious of them and understand their play. Ego wants to keep us identified with the mental and emotional patterns in order to feed itself with this particular energy and perpetuate its existence; because ss long as the ego keeps us identified we cannot free ourselves from it. 

Ego´s reaction mode

Reaction is one of the favorite games of the ego. The ego reacts against everything outside which ego thinks that is against its likes, dislikes, opinions, its conditioning etc.. 
But the ego reacts also against its own expressions. The ego in order to keep us indentified with it,  reacts also against the egoic pattern with anger, resentment, complaining, dislike, guilty, impatience, fear, anxiety, agony, indignation, making us believe that we as something different from the ego fight with egoic pattern. But in reality what happens is that the ego itself is fighting itself. By this play the ego hypnitizes our capacity to discern what really happens and thus keeps us trapped in it.

Distraction mode

Another way that the ego uses in order to impede us be conscious of it and its games is to distract our mind using various tricks. Thus while we are trying to observe it and disidentify from it the ego pos up a thought about an important issue we have to do and thus instead of doing enquiry of the nature of ego and be conscious of the silence within we are identifying again with mind stuff.

Remember that complaining, justifications, distractions, fear, guilty, dislike, discouragement, disappointment, laziness, boredom, procrastination, guilt (I am not worthy), despair, impatience, lack of self-confidence (I cannot do it, I am not able etc.) are some of the main ways that ego wants to impede us have progress and continue dominate us.

Read also Ego's illusory mechanisms by Atman Nityananda

How can we overcome the ego’s resistance and all egoic tendencies in general?

We can overcome the ego’s resistance, by developing all capacities mentioned above, by increasing the sattva guna and decreasing the tamas and rajas gunas, by stopping identify with the egoic patterns (mental and emotional) and by decreasing  the strength of the egoic tendencies .  To achieve this, we can use various ways, techniques, practices and methods. There are different paths, yogas and spiritual teachings that give a different approach to achieve this. Each one according his-her capacities, his personality, his needs, his temperament, the past experiences and destiny is going to follow that which is more appropriate for him.

When we cannot by any mean to overcome the resistance of ego especially when it takes the form of inertia, laziness, boredom, discourage, disappointment, despair the best way to get rid this situation is Satsang.

Satsang is the most powerful mean to overcome resistance and have quick progress in all aspects of spiritual life. Satsang is to be in the company of self-realized beings, to practice near them, to listen to his words or to have his blessings. If this is not possible then Satsang with saints or devotees which have achieved a great degree of purification and are fully devoted to spiritual life is of great help. Another way is to stay for a long time and practice in ashrams and especially ashrams which are founded by spiritual masters, such a as Haidakhan Babaji, Sri Ramana Maharshi, Sri Swami Sivananda, etc. If this also is not possible reading books of Self-realized beings, saints, sacred texts such us Upanishads, Baghavad Gita etc. It is also a great help to participate in the events of a spiritual centre in our city.

Self awareness and acceptance

Self awareness and acceptance are central factors to overcome the ego’s resistance and all egoic expressions in general. It is very difficult to disidentify from the thoughts, desires, emotions if we are not aware and alert enough and if we are not willing to see and accept what we carry in our psych. Acceptance has two aspects: it is the willingness to see and admit that certain thoughts or feelings or emotions exist in us (regardless of whether we like them) as well as to well come them consciously when they arise, without complaining and be angry. There are various techniques to eliminate the egoic tendencies but we cannot go much further without to develop self-awareness and acceptance. Both can be cultivated by steady daily spiritual practices and by increasing the sattva guna in the mind.

The role of acceptane to Overcome egoic patterns

Acceptance it is a very important and effective attitude which enable us be aware and disentify from ego and overcome its resistance. Accepting the external conditions as well as the inner mental and emotional states it is very important because disarms the ego and cancel its power over the mind. As I said before, the ego will consistently and strongly resist and undermine our efforts to eliminate it and transform our mind, our heart and vital energy.

The most powerful antidote to the ego’s resistance and especially to its reactive form is the acceptance of what happens or of what there is in the moment, each moment. When we accept the external conditions as they are, we give little space to the ego to play its games.  When an egoic pattern is functioning in us by do not reacting against it by allowing it to happen by remaining self-aware and as a witness of this happening we do not give to it more energy to perpetuate itself; we are not lose ourselves in this egoic pattern (or to the reactive pattern) and we have the opportunity to observe it, to know it, to undersatand it and finally we can take any action to confront the situation (to pacify the mind and dissolve part of the egoic energy) from a higher level of consciousness.

It is very difficult for us to overcome and eliminate the egoic patterns if we are in a state of resistance, because resistance keeps us trapped in the egoic mode. On the contrary by accepting our psychological state without any reaction and being self-aware we cancel the ego’s power to entrap us in it and we are in a favorite position to pacify or eliminate the egoic energy.

Accepting does not imply a mental interpretation of the situation which usually happens also mechanically or compulsively. Accepting means not reacting compulsively and mechanically (mainly emotionally) to the external situation or to the mental and emotional egoic state that is occuring in our psych; it means not to react compulsively in order to escape from the conditions we are confronted or the inner emotional and mental state.

Accepting requires a higher level of alertness or presence in order not to lose ourselves in the unconscious egoic pattern, to witness and observe clearly what happens in us. Accepting is to see what we experience within without judgment and at the same time ‘trying’ to remain connected with the silence or empty space within. From this inner state of alert presence we are in a position which allows us to disindentify from the emotion or the thinking pattern, to understand its nature and movement and at the same time we can take any action we consider appropriate that moment to paciify it or dissolve it. 

The subside of the egoic pattern and the partial disolution of the egoic energy can happen simply by being alert and connected with silence within or by applying some other technique such as an affirmation, a prayer, a mantra etc. This depends on the circumstances and the intensity of the pattern. The elimination of the egoic energy only by being present and self-aware demands a great degree of Self-awareness and a strong presence and a 'download' of the  inner peace in the lower mind.

When self-awareness is well developed and this attitude of acceptance has become strong enough we will not be afraid any more to see what we carry in the subconscious; we will not be angry when we see again and again to arise in us the same egoic patterns and we will not feel guilty or disappointed because we carry in us all these angly egos. In the state of acceptance we will simply recognize what happens within us, we will become more conscious and present, and from this state of consciousness we will apply some technic to dissolve the mental or emotional pattern.

Mental resistance emotions and desire

 The mental resistance and the negative mechanical  compulsive thinking is caused and sustained by the power of emotions and desire. Therefore we have to learn to deal with our emotions and release little by little the negative emotional energy which is stored in our vital-emotional body. The emotions are vital formations which are related with the desires as well as with certain beliefs, opinions and concepts (we may be conscious or unconscious of them) we have about life, the things of the world and ourselves.

How to deal with emotions

Due to the fact that emotions are associated with the desires, the beliefs, the concepts and the mental patterns we can deal with them with various ways.

As I said before the basis of the work we do in order to dissolve the negative emotions and of course all other egoic tendencies (greed, jealousy, gluttony, pride etc.) is to cultivate self-awareness, to develop the attitude of acceptance and the detached or dispassionate observation towards them.


It is very important little by little to develop the capacity of self-awareness and the attitude of witnessing our thoughts and emotions with dispassion. This capacity of dispassionate witnessing can be developed by practicing witnessing itself and by various other practices such us concentration, meditation, self-enquiry, pranayama, hatha yoga, relaxation etc..

Beyond this fundamental basis (self-awareness, acceptance and dispassionate observation) there are also other important ways to deal with emotions and the egoic tendencies. Our capacity not to identify and remain as dispasionate observers of the egoic patterns increases also by reducing the strength of the patterns and by eliminating the egoic energy. This dissolution is achieved by various practices and technics such as prayer, repetition of mantras, visualization with pranayama, EFT, purification of chakras and prana.

Various ways to free ourselves from negative emotions

I would like to mention that these techniques and practices can be used to dissolve not only negative emotions but all egoic tendencies such as desires, pride, codicia, avaricia etc.

There are techniques or practices that have the power to release the blocked vital-emotional energy directly which has as immediate result to pacify and calm the mind. It is very important to remember that the state of mind it is depended directly from the emotional state. Both create a vicious circle and the one affects the other but the fuell that keeps the mind busy is desire and emotions.

We can pacify the turbulent emotions and release the energy by practicing pranayama, hatha yoga, visualizations, affirmations, prayer, EFT, mantras, japa nama, kirtan, dancing especially with kirtan etc. We can apply each of the above practices on its own, or we can use a combination of them.
  For example we can combine pranayama with mantra or with visualization.

There are also various healing methods which are very effective to neutralize and release the negative emotional energy, with a passive way. Such methods are reiki, pranic healing, the Bach’s remedies, Australian Bush Flower remedies, ayuverdic massages, pancha karma etc.

In order to maintain emotional balance, it is very important to establish healthy habits. We must abandon bad habits and develop good habits that will enable us maintain emotional and mental stability. Some of the most important are: to feed ourselves with sattvic food and eat with a calm and concentrate mind, to have enough rest and good deep sleep, to do often bodily exercises, to keep moderation in all activities, to do sattvic actions, to have often contact with nature, to reduce as much as possible disturbing, passionate, violent impressions 
(some of them totally), to avoid healing asmuch as possible with chemical medicines, to keep the three doshas (vata-pitta-kapha) in balance etc..

The development of virtues such a compassion, love, patience, kindness etc. is another powerful way. By default positive always triumphs negative and creates inner harmony and equilibriium, hence by developing the virtues the negative egoic tendencies and energies gradually will be reduced. If we want to eliminate a particular egoic tendency we can develop the virtue which is opposite to this. For example we can eliminate the jealousy by cultivating in us the happiness for the prosperity and the happiness of all others, considering their happiness as our happiness. We can do this by affirmations, visualizations, reflection and prayer and by expressing our happiness with words and actions in every occasion.

Another important factor to eliminate a negative emotion is to deal with the desire that is behind the emotion, because all negative emotions are directly related with desire. In fact the negative emotions are only modifications of desire itself that’s why the intensity of emotions we express are proportional to the power of desire. The stronger the desire is, the stronger is the anger, the fear, the anxiety, the impatience and the disappointment or the depression we express in relation with this desire. 
Thus if we reduce the strength of desire for something we reduse the strength of the emotions which are related with this desire.

It is important also to change all wrong beliefs, ideas, opinions and concepts we have about life, the things of the world and ourselves; because the wrong beliefs support the expression of negative emotions and give to the ego the power to doubt our efforts to eliminate it.  


We can change our wrong beliefs by reading books, by listening the words of the wises, by doubting their validity and rightousness, by reflecting and contemplating on them in order to recognize, comprehend and realize the fallacy or the falsity of them. It is important to substitute wrong beliefs with beliefs based on truth and which we  will accept them as true after a profound study, reflexion and comprehension based in the knowledge of sages and our personal experience. Otherwise, if we are not convised enough for the truthfulness of our convictions or beliefs the ego will easily confuse us with its imaginations, projections and false ideas and make us doubt our efforts and make us abandon the spiritual life. Therefore is necessary to examine deeply our beliefs that our living is based.

Very effective methods which
 can be used not only to release emotions but to eliminate also all the types of egoic tendencies, patterns and habits are: EFT, Hoʻoponopono, the method of Sedona, the Gestalt Therapy and Laughter therapy.

Finally another factor that can help us
 to dissolve the egoic emotions and the egoic tendencies is to be more conscious of their illusory nature, to reflect and understand the damage and the suffering they give to us and realize that they undermine our emotional and mental well being and the experience of peace, bliss and happiness of our true nature. 

We must have a deep understanding and a deep conviction about the above. We can develop this conviction and understanding by reflecting daily for a while on the suffering we experience due to them and the positive states (peace, plenitude, contentment, love, happiness, freedom, etc.) we will experience if we remove the egoic energies and patterns. This understanding will increase also by being more aware and observing the damage they do when they are active in us and be more aware of the peace and happiness we enjoy when we are free from their play. By eliminating its energy also we will have a more clear view about emotions and their functioning and effects.

READ about the control and elimination of anger and impatience

Conclusion

We can
 overcome and decrease gradually the resistance of ego and all egoic expressions by increasing self-awareness, by accepting them, by witnessing and observing them with dispassion, by disidentifying from them using self-enquiry and discernment, by reflecting on them, comprehending them, by being aware of their illusory nature and the great damage they do to us and by eliminating them by appropriate methods.

 
QUESTIONING and SELF-ENQUIRY

A very important
 and effective way to apply the practice of self-inquiry and which very effectivly enable us to disidentify from the egoic mind and be aware of our Self is to make appropriate questions. Questioning the mind is essential and has a great power to stop the identification with the thoughts, emotions and perceptions and bring us in an alert state of presense and self-awareness. This state of presense brings light to what happens in our mind and heart and enable us notice clearly the ego´s games. We can be aware of ego´s ways that the ego uses to manipulate our mind and make us its puppet and faithful servient. By questioning the mind we become aware of the ego's play, its likes, dislikes, desires etc. by which the ego direct us to pleasurable experiences or  makes us suffer.

The moment we question and doubt what we experience (thoughts, emotions, painful or pleasurable sensations ) we give a shock to the mind which brings back the mind in a state of alertness which by its turn stops the identification with this mental- emotional stuff and we become aware of ourselves. This process bring us in a state of alert presense in which we can observe clearly the nature of the egoic expressions and eliminate them from our psyche.

With appropriate questions, such as: 
Who am I? From where does the ego arise? To whom this thought or emotion arises?, Why this thought arise to me? etc. 
we create a shock to the mind, and we enter in a state of intense mental alertness and attention and thus we can turn part of our attention towards the source of the ego that is the silent and peaceful inner space, which is our true Self.

If the egoic pattern is expressed  strongly and the mind continues to think the same things, in order to stop the identification and make the thinking process  
subside  we can make another kind of questions: Where are all these things if I do not think about them?, Are these thoughts real? 
Or we can make a statement: These are only thoughts, there is not reality in them. By saying that these are only thoughts and not a reality we become more aware and concious about the ilusory nature of thoughts; they gradually lose their charming and thus the mechanical thinking process disolves.

Indeed there is a charming when a thinking stream is playing in the mind due the association of the thinking with emotions and the illusory sense that these thoughts is a reality; thoughts appear as real due to the superimposition of Reality on the mind stuff. This superimposition of the Reality (consciousness) on the mind and body is the main factor of our ignorance and causes the illusion that the world is real and  the Reality itself (Atman, Brahman ,Consciousness) etc.) is something that we cannot recognise at all.

Another main factor that the compulsive  mecanical thinking happens is that  the ego associates these mental forms with emotions in the same way that does it with external objects and experiences. The emotions function in the same way either we are experiencing an apparently external reality or either we think and imagine about objects and external situations. In reality even the external objects are mental forms as the thoughts and imaginations.

The ego habitually and easily attracts the attention (attention is conscioiusness itself) on itself in order to experience the thoughts, emotions and sensory perceptions and identify with them. By this process  the ego does not allow free space to us (to our conscious mind) to be aware of the silence space within and observe consciously the movement of ego and its egoic patterns. Thus the ego keeps us in a waking sleep state preventing us discern what is our Self and be aware of It. 

The ego has a miraculous capacity like a magnet to attract the whole field of attention on it creating in us the false sense that attention belongs to ego and at the same time that we are the ego. Moreover as I said the ego keeps us  
hypnotised and identified with thoughts and emotions, prevending us realize our true nature and lose completly ourselves in the ego. 

That's why it is very important time and again to do these questions giving a shock in the conscious mind in order to disintetify  from the egoic patterns and redirect the atention in the silent space within.

Even by doing so, due to the fact that the ego is very strong, the mechanical and compulsive thoughts and emotions and the identification with them will continue to happen. That's why is necessary to try with patience and perseverance  to remain as much as posible alert and vigilant, in order to impede identifiacation to happen, and keep our attention focused on the centre of our existence within. This process will continue until the complete dissolution of the ego. Of course as we advance in the practise and as the ego will be redused in our psych the power and the frequency with which the egoic thoughts and emotions  will arise in us will also be redused and at the same time it will be increased the time and the frequency we will remain conscious of ourselves. Also will increase the quality of self-awareness, that is to say that we perceive more clearly and profoundly the peace and fulness of our true nature.

This is the great battle between the egoic mind and the higher mind (buddhi). This is a revolutionary process that has as goal to free us from the mechanical egoic way of living which is imposed on us since we were kids and live the freedom, peace and bliss of our true nature.

READ about  the practice of Self- enquiry: